A high-voltage battery like those used in hybrid electric vehicles. The model uses a realistic DC-link current profile, which originates from a dynamic driving cycle. The total simulation time is 3600 seconds.

The voltage output by a Supercapacitor block as it is charged and then discharged. To charge the Supercapacitor, a current of 100 mA is input to the Supercapacitor for 100 seconds. The Supercapacitor is then rested for one minute. For the next hour, to discharge the Supercapacitor, a load of 50 mA is stepped on for one second in every 50 seconds. The Supercapacitor is then rested until the end of the simulation. The scope displays the Supercapacitor charging/discharging current and voltage.

How a DC-DC converter can be used to maintain a constant load voltage when drawing power from an ultracapacitor. Initially the converter supplies power to the load, and as it does so, the capacitor voltage drops. The protection circuit disconnects the load when the capacitor voltage drops below a threshold of 4V. At 10 seconds the generator is turned on, and power is supplied to both the load and to the capacitor to recharge it.