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Extract the Acrostic Message
An acrostic cipher is a way of embedding one message within another by taking the first (or last) word of each line. Given a str...

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Create block matrix of integers (j+k-1) - Part I
Given m, n, p, and q, create a matrix of m-by-n blocks (submatrices), each sized p-by-q. The elements of the (j,k)th block all h...

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Dartboard Average II
A dartboard arranges the numbers 1 to 20 such that each value is typically flanked by quite different values - for example, 20 i...

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Dartboard Average I
A dartboard arranges the numbers 1 to 20 such that each value is typically flanked by quite different values - for example, 20 i...

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There are 10 types of people in the world
Those who know binary, and those who don't. The number 2015 is a palindrome in binary (11111011111 to be exact) Given a year...

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Split Even Number Into Two Primes
Given an even whole number n (> 2), return a 2-element vector of primes, p, such that p(1) + p(2) = n. Fun note: technically it...

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Determine if Input is Oddish or Evenish (Odd/Even Sum of Digits)
Given a positive integer n, determine whether n is "oddish" or "evenish" - that is, whether the sum of the digits of n is odd or...

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Convert Volume Mixing Ratio to Density
The partial pressure of a constituent gas species of the atmosphere can be expressed in parts per million by volume. For exampl...

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Snow Accumulation and Structural Risks To Residential Properties
The density of snow depends on the amount of liquid water it contains: Dry Snow is about 50 kg/m^3 Wet Snow is about 200 kg/m^...

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Calculate Wind Chill Factor
The NWS Wind Chill Temperature (WCT) index formula for calculating the dangers from winter winds and freezing temperatures: Cal...

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Partial Pressure of Water Vapor from Relative Humidity
Buck (1996, 1981) published the following constants for the saturation pressure of water*: 6.1121 (mb) The saturation pressur...

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Pressure for a given Above Sea Level Altitude
For altitudes up to the stratosphere (around 11 km above mean sea level), the air pressure can be estimated from: with where...

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Air Density from Temperature and Pressure
The density of air can be estimated from the product of molar mass and molar density: Write a function that finds the densi...

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Molar Air Density from Temperature and Pressure
The molar density of air can be found from the Temperature and Pressure using the ideal gas law. where the Molar density STP ...

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Air Mass to Star for an Observer at Mean Sea Level
Air mass is a measure of how much atmosphere light from a source above the atmosphere (eg sun, planet, star) has to travel throu...

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Predict Cricket Stridulation Rate from Air Temperature
Stridulation is the process that creates a cricket's “chirp” by rubbing their wings or legs. According to the Old Farmer's Alma...

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Find Air Temperature from Cricket Stridulation Rate
Stridulation is the process that creates a cricket's “chirp” by rubbing their wings or legs. According to the Old Farmer's Alma...

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Create an arrow matrix
An arrow matrix is a square matrix that contains ones on the diagonal, the last column, and last row. ...

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Calculating Student Grades
The matrix grades contains raw grades for 7 students who took your course. Each row represents a different student. The first 7 ...

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Determine if x is a combination of m and n
Given positive integers x, m, and n, determine if x can be written as x = am + bn for any (non-negative) integers a and b. Your ...

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Dog Statistics
The vectors ht and wt contains the heights and weights of 20 golden retrievers. In some cases, it was not possible to make both ...

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Generate this matrix
Generate the following matrix. n = 2; out = [-4 -3 -2 -1 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 -...

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Simpson's Paradox - Calculate correlation coefficients for groups of data
Simpson's Paradox is a statistical phenomenon where groups of data can have a characteristic while the whole data set together h...

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Calculate Angle From Axis
Given coordinates x and y, an axis ("X" or "Y"), and a direction ("cw" or "ccw", meaning clockwise and counterclockwise, respect...

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Find the minimum of the column-maximums of a matrix
Given a matrix A, find the maximum value of each column, then return the smallest of those maximum values (ie return the minimum...

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Calculate the mean of each half of a matrix
Given a matrix with an even number of columns, n, return a 1-by-2 row vector where the first element is the mean of all the elem...

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Find Closest Constant
Given a number x, return the value that is closest to x from this list of constants: 0, 1, , e, , (also known as ). For exampl...

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Matrix Quadrants
Write a function that takes N as the input, and outputs a matrix whose upper-left (NxN) quadrant contains all ones, the lower-ri...

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Matrix with different incremental runs
Given a vector of positive integers a = [ 3 2 4 ]; create the matrix where the *i* th column contains the vector *1:a(i)...

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surrounded matrix
With a given matrix A (size m x n) create a matrix B (size m+2 x n+2) so that the matrix A is surrounded by ones: A = [1 2 ...

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