Battery Temperature Monitoring

R2026b

Monitor for battery temperature

Since R2022b

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Battery Temperature Monitoring block

To add a block to a model, double-click the canvas and start typing the block name. Then, select the block from the list.

Libraries:
Simscape / Battery / BMS / Protection

Description

The Battery Temperature Monitoring block monitors the temperature of a battery. Temperature protection is necessary in electrical circuits. A battery that is exposed to extremely high or extremely low temperatures can enter a dangerously unstable state.

You can switch between continuous and discrete implementations of the block by using the Sample time (-1 for inherited) parameter. To configure the block for continuous time, set the Sample time (-1 for inherited) parameter to 0. To configure the block for discrete time, set the Sample time (-1 for inherited) parameter to a positive, nonzero value, or to -1 to inherit the sample time from an upstream block.

This diagram illustrates the overall structure of the block:

Equations

This block computes the undertemperature symptom with this equation:

$$UndertemperatureSymptom=min\left(Temperature\right)\le UndertemperatureLimit$$

This block computes the overtemperature symptom with this equation:

$$OvertemperatureSymptom=\max \left(Temperature\right)\ge OvertemperatureLimit$$

The Battery Temperature Monitoring block then passes the undertermperature and overtemperature symptoms to a Fault Qualification block, which qualifies the error.

Examples

Battery Monitoring

Use battery management system blocks to monitor the current and temperature of a battery. A random current and temperature profile is applied to the battery which is then simulated for 6 hours.

• Open Model

Ports

Input

CellTemperature — Cell temperature, K

scalar | vector

Temperature of the battery cell, specified as a scalar for a single cell or a vector for multiple cells.

If you select the Specify input as [Min,Max] parameter, you must specify a minimum and a maximum value for this port, for example CellTemperature=[CellTemperatureMin,CellTemperatureMax]. (since R2025a)

Output

UndertemperatureError — Indication of undertemperature error, unitless

0 | 1

Indication of an undertemperature error. If this output is equal to 1, the battery is in an undertemperature state.

OvertemperatureError — Indication of overtemperature error, unitless

0 | 1

Indication of an overtemperature error. If this output is equal to 1, the battery is in an overtemperature state.

Parameters

Specify input as [Min,Max] — Option to specify input as minimum and maximum values

off (default) | on

Since R2025a

Option to specify the value at the CellTemperature input port as a vector of minimum and maximum values. If you clear this parameter, you must specify an individual value for the input port. The block then calculates the minimum and maximum values internally.

Undertemperature limit — Undertemperature limit

270 (default) | nonnegative scalar

Temperature limit under which the battery is in an undertemperature state.

Overtemperature limit — Overtemperature limit

320 (default) | nonnegative scalar

Temperature limit over which the battery is in an undertemperature state. The value of this parameter must be greater than the value of the Undertemperature limit parameter.

Qualification time undertemperature (s) — Undertemperature qualification time

2 (default) | positive scalar

Time required to qualify the undertemperature error, in seconds.

Disqualification time undertemperature (s) — Undertemperature disqualification time

0 (default) | nonnegative scalar

Time required to disqualify the undertemperature error, in seconds. If you set this parameter to 0, the block does not disqualify the error.

Qualification time overtemperature (s) — Overtemperature qualification time

2 (default) | positive scalar

Time required to qualify the overtemperature error, in seconds.

Disqualification time overtemperature (s) — Overtemperature disqualification time

0 (default) | nonnegative scalar

Time required to disqualify the overtemperature error, in seconds. If you set this parameter to 0, the block does not disqualify the error.

Sample time (-1 for inherited) — Block sample time

-1 (default) | 0 | positive real number

Time between consecutive block executions. During execution, the block produces outputs and, if appropriate, updates its internal state. For more information, see What Is Sample Time? and Specify Sample Time.

For inherited discrete-time operation, specify this parameter as -1. For discrete-time operation, specify this parameter as a positive real number. For continuous-time operation, specify this parameter as 0.

If this block is in a masked subsystem or a variant subsystem that allows you to switch between continuous operation and discrete operation, promote the sample time parameter. Promoting the sample time parameter ensures correct switching between the continuous and discrete implementations of the block. For more information, see Promote Block Parameters to a Mask.

Algorithm data type — Option to choose data type for block algorithm

Inherit: auto (default) | double | single | <data type expression>

Since R2025a

Option to choose the data type for the block algorithm, specified as one of these values:

• Inherit: auto — You can simulate the block in both single and double precision. You must explicitly provide the inputs and parameters as either single or double.

• double — The block algorithm casts all inputs and parameters to double data type.

• single — The block algorithm casts all inputs and parameters to single data type.

• <data type expression> — The block algorithm casts all inputs and parameters to the data type object you specify.

Click the Show data type assistant button to display the Data Type Assistant, which helps you set the data type attributes. For more information, see Specify Data Types Using Data Type Assistant and Control Data Types of Signals.

Programmatic Use: Add Block

To add the block programmatically, use the add_block function with one of these library block paths as the source.

"batt_sl_lib/Protection/Battery Temperature Monitoring"

Example: add_block("batt_sl_lib/Protection/Battery Temperature Monitoring","myModel/myBlock",MakeNameUnique="on")

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced in R2022b

R2025a: Switch between single-precision and double-precision floating-point simulation using Algorithm data type parameter

You can now easily switch between single-precision and double-precision floating-point simulation of the block algorithm by using the Algorithm data type parameter.

R2025a: Specify minimum and maximum values for Temperature input port

You can specify the minimum and maximum values for the CellTemperature input port. To specify this input as a vector of minimum and maximum values, select the Specify input as [Min,Max] parameter.