MinMax

Output minimum or maximum input value

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Libraries:
Simulink / Math Operations
HDL Coder / Math Operations

Description

The MinMax block outputs either the minimum or the maximum element or elements of the inputs. You choose whether the block outputs the minimum or maximum values by setting the Function parameter.

The MinMax block ignores any input value that is NaN, except when every input value is NaN. When all input values are NaN, the output is NaN, either as a scalar or the value of each output vector element.

Examples

Find Maximum Value of Input

This example shows how to use the MinMax block to output the maximum value of two sine waves.

After running the full simulation, you can view the results in the Scope. Initially, the maximum value (orange line) tracks SineWave2. When the SineWave2 values turn negative, the maximum value begins tracking SineWave1. When the SineWave2 values become positive again, the maximum value resumes tracking SineWave2.

Extended Examples

Model Fault-Tolerant Fuel Control System

Combine Stateflow® and Simulink® capabilities to model hybrid systems. This type of modeling is particularly useful for systems that have numerous possible operational modes based on discrete events. Traditional signal flow is handled in Simulink while changes in control configuration are implemented in Stateflow. The model described in this example represents a fuel control system for a gasoline engine. The system is robust in that it detects individual sensor failures, and the control system is dynamically reconfigured for uninterrupted operation.

• Open Model

Ports

Input

Port_1 — Input signal

scalar | vector | matrix

Provide an input signal from which the block outputs the maximum or minimum values.

• When the block has one input port, the input must be a scalar or a vector. The block outputs a scalar equal to the minimum or maximum element of the input vector.

• When the block has multiple input ports, all nonscalar inputs must have the same dimensions. The block expands any scalar inputs to have the same dimensions as the nonscalar inputs. The block outputs a signal having the same dimensions as the input. Each output element equals the minimum or maximum of the corresponding input elements.

Dependencies

To support matrix input, you must set the Number of input ports parameter to an integer greater than one. All nonscalar inputs must have the same dimensions.

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

Port_N — Nth input signal

scalar | vector | matrix

Provide an input signal from which the block outputs the maximum or minimum values.

When the block has multiple input ports, all nonscalar inputs must have the same dimensions. The block expands any scalar inputs to have the same dimensions as the nonscalar inputs. The block outputs a signal having the same dimensions as the input. Each output element equals the minimum or maximum of the corresponding input elements.

Dependencies

To provide more than one input signal, set the Number of input ports to an integer greater than 1.

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

Output

Port_1 — Minimum or maximum values of inputs

scalar | vector | matrix

When the block has one input, the output is a scalar value, equal to the minimum or maximum of the input elements. When the block has multiple inputs, the output is a signal having the same dimensions as the input. Each output element equals the minimum or maximum of the corresponding input elements. If the block input has different input data types, the output is the same size as the input, but might have less precision. For example, if one input is int8 and one is uint8, the output data type is still 8 bits, sfix8_E1, but with less precision.

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

Parameters

Main

Function — Specify minimum or maximum

min (default) | max

Specify whether to apply the function min or max to the input.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: Function

Type: character vector

Values: 'min' | 'max'

Default: 'min'

Number of input ports — Specify number of input ports

1 (default) | positive integer

Specify the number of inputs to the block.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: Inputs

Type: character vector

Values: positive integer

Default: '1'

Apply over — How to apply function along specified dimensions

All dimensions (default) | Specified dimension

Specify how to apply the function along specified dimensions.

• All dimensions — Apply function for all input values for all dimensions.

• Specified dimension — Apply function for all input values for specified dimension.

For example, in this model, Function is set to max, and Apply over is set to All dimensions. The block returns the largest input value from all dimensions.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, Number of input ports must be 1.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: CollapseMode

Type: character vector

Values: 'All dimensions' | 'Specified dimension'

Default: 'All dimensions'

Dimension — Specify the dimension along which to apply function

1 (default) | positive integer | ... | N

Specify the dimension along which to apply the function as a positive integer. For example, for a 2-D matrix, 1 applies the function to each column, and 2 applies the function to each row.

For example, in this model, Function is set to max, Apply over is set to Specified dimension, and Dimension is set to 2. The block returns the largest input value from each row.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Apply over to Specified dimension.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: CollapseDim

Type: character vector

Values: positive integer

Default: '1'

Enable zero-crossing detection — Enable zero-crossing detection

on (default) | off

Select to enable zero-crossing detection. For more information, see Zero-Crossing Detection.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: ZeroCross

Type: character vector | string

Values: 'off' | 'on'

Default: 'on'

Sample time (-1 for inherited) — Interval between samples

-1 (default) | scalar | vector

Specify the time interval between samples. To inherit the sample time, set this parameter to -1. For more information, see Specify Sample Time.

Dependencies

This parameter is visible only if you set it to a value other than -1. To learn more, see Blocks for Which Sample Time Is Not Recommended.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	SampleTime
Values:	"-1" (default) | scalar or vector in quotes

Signal Attributes

Require all inputs to have the same data type — Inputs must have the same data type

off (default) | on

Select this check box to require that all inputs have the same data type.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: InputSameDT

Type: character vector

Values: 'off' | 'on'

Default: 'off'

Output minimum — Minimum output value for range checking

[] (default) | scalar

Lower value of the output range that the software checks.

The software uses the minimum to perform:

• Parameter range checking (see Specify Minimum and Maximum Values for Block Parameters) for some blocks.

• Simulation range checking (see Specify Signal Ranges and Enable Simulation Range Checking).

• Automatic scaling of fixed-point data types.

• Optimization of the code that you generate from the model. This optimization can remove algorithmic code and affect the results of some simulation modes such as SIL or external mode. For more information, see Optimize using the specified minimum and maximum values (Embedded Coder).

Tips

Output minimum does not saturate or clip the actual output signal. Use the Saturation block instead.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	OutMin
Values:	'[]' (default) | scalar in quotes

Output maximum — Maximum output value for range checking

[] (default) | scalar

Upper value of the output range that the software checks.

The software uses the maximum value to perform:

• Parameter range checking (see Specify Minimum and Maximum Values for Block Parameters) for some blocks.

• Simulation range checking (see Specify Signal Ranges and Enable Simulation Range Checking).

• Automatic scaling of fixed-point data types.

• Optimization of the code that you generate from the model. This optimization can remove algorithmic code and affect the results of some simulation modes such as SIL or external mode. For more information, see Optimize using the specified minimum and maximum values (Embedded Coder).

Tips

Output maximum does not saturate or clip the actual output signal. Use the Saturation block instead.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	OutMax
Values:	'[]' (default) | scalar in quotes

Output data type — Specify the output data type

Inherit: Inherit via internal rule (default) | Inherit: Inherit via back propagation | Inherit: Same as first input | double | single | half | int8 | uint8 | int16 | uint16 | int32 | uint32 | int64 | uint64 | fixdt(1,16,0) | fixdt(1,16,2^0,0) | <data type expression>

Choose the data type for the output. The type can be inherited, specified directly, or expressed as a data type object such as Simulink.NumericType.

The Data Type Assistant helps you set data attributes. To use the Data Type Assistant, click . For more information, see Specify Data Types Using Data Type Assistant.

Dependencies

When input is a floating-point data type smaller than single precision, the Inherit: Inherit via internal rule output data type depends on the setting of the Inherit floating-point output type smaller than single precision configuration parameter. Data types are smaller than single precision when the number of bits needed to encode the data type is less than the 32 bits needed to encode the single-precision data type. For example, half and int16 are smaller than single precision.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: OutDataTypeStr

Type: character vector

Values: 'Inherit: Inherit via internal rule' | 'Inherit: Inherit via back propagation' | 'Inherit: Same as first input' | 'double' | 'single' | 'half' | 'int8' | 'uint8' | 'int16' | 'uint16' | 'int32' | 'uint32' | 'int64' | 'uint64' | 'fixdt(1,16,0)' | 'fixdt(1,16,2^0,0)' | '<data type expression>'

Default: 'Inherit: Inherit via internal rule'

Lock output data type setting against changes by the fixed-point tools — Option to prevent fixed-point tools from overriding Output data type

off (default) | on

Select this parameter to prevent the fixed-point tools from overriding the Output data type you specify on the block. For more information, see Use Lock Output Data Type Setting (Fixed-Point Designer).

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	LockScale
Values:	'off' (default) | 'on'

Integer rounding mode — Rounding mode for fixed-point operations

Floor (default) | Ceiling | Convergent | Nearest | Round | Simplest | Zero

Specify the rounding mode for fixed-point operations. For more information, see Rounding Modes (Fixed-Point Designer).

Block parameters always round to the nearest representable value. To control the rounding of a block parameter, enter an expression using a MATLAB^® rounding function into the mask field.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	RndMeth
Values:	'Floor' (default) | 'Ceiling' | 'Convergent' | 'Nearest' | 'Round' | 'Simplest' | 'Zero'

Saturate on integer overflow — Method of overflow action

off (default) | on

Specify whether overflows saturate or wrap.

• on — Overflows saturate to either the minimum or maximum value that the data type can represent.

• off — Overflows wrap to the appropriate value that the data type can represent.

For example, the maximum value that the signed 8-bit integer int8 can represent is 127. Any block operation result greater than this maximum value causes overflow of the 8-bit integer.

• With this parameter selected, the block output saturates at 127. Similarly, the block output saturates at a minimum output value of -128.

• With this parameter cleared, the software interprets the overflow-causing value as int8, which can produce an unintended result. For example, a block result of 130 (binary 1000 0010) expressed as int8 is -126.

Tips

• Consider selecting this parameter when your model has a possible overflow and you want explicit saturation protection in the generated code.

• Consider clearing this parameter when you want to optimize efficiency of your generated code. Clearing this parameter also helps you to avoid overspecifying how a block handles out-of-range signals. For more information, see Troubleshoot Signal Range Errors.

• When you select this parameter, saturation applies to every internal operation on the block, not just the output or result.

• In general, the code generation process can detect when overflow is not possible. In this case, the code generator does not produce saturation code.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	SaturateOnIntegerOverflow
Values:	'off' (default) | 'on'

Block Characteristics

Data Types	Boolean | double | fixed point | half | integer | single
Direct Feedthrough	yes
Multidimensional Signals	yes
Variable-Size Signals	yes
Zero-Crossing Detection	yes

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

HDL Code Generation

Generate VHDL, Verilog and SystemVerilog code for FPGA and ASIC designs using HDL Coder™.

HDL Coder™ provides additional configuration options that affect HDL implementation and synthesized logic.

HDL Architecture

Architecture	Additional cycles of latency	Description
Tree (default)	0	Generates a tree structure of comparators.

HDL Block Properties

General
ConstrainedOutputPipeline	Number of registers to place at the outputs by moving existing delays within your design. Distributed pipelining does not redistribute these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see ConstrainedOutputPipeline (HDL Coder).
InputPipeline	Number of input pipeline stages to insert in the generated code. Distributed pipelining and constrained output pipelining can move these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see InputPipeline (HDL Coder).
OutputPipeline	Number of output pipeline stages to insert in the generated code. Distributed pipelining and constrained output pipelining can move these registers. The default is 0. For more details, see OutputPipeline (HDL Coder).

Native Floating Point
LatencyStrategy	Specify whether to map the blocks in your design to inherit, Max, Min, or Zero for the floating-point operator. The default is inherit. See also LatencyStrategy (HDL Coder).

PLC Code Generation
Generate Structured Text code using Simulink® PLC Coder™.

Fixed-Point Conversion
Design and simulate fixed-point systems using Fixed-Point Designer™.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a

R2024a: MinMax block supports specified dimensions

The MinMax block enables you to find minimum or maximum values over a specified dimension using these new parameters:

• Apply over — Apply function over all or specified dimensions.

• Dimension — Dimension over which to apply the function.