how to write equation in matlab for E(t-tp) where the E is E(t) but introduce a tp delay time.

 ti = 0;
tf = 2.50E-9;
tspan=[ti tf];
y0=[0; 0];
[T,Y]= ode45(@(t,y) rate_eq(t,y),tspan,y0);


subplot 211
plot(T,Y(:,1));
title('carrier population');
xlabel('time');
ylabel('carrier');

subplot 212
plot(T,Y(:,2));
title('photon density ');
xlabel('time');
ylabel('photon');



function dy = rate_eq(t,y)
dy = zeros(2,1);

V= 250E-18;
I = 0.3;
te = 2E-9; %carrier lifetime (recombination life time)
tp = 2E-12; %photon lifetime
r = 0.3; % optical confinement factor
a = 2.5E-20; % gain coefficent

B=10E-10; %radiative recombination time
c=3*10^8; % velocity of light
e = 1.602E-19; % e = electron charge
ug= 3.6; % refractive index
n0 = 1E24; % carier density at transparancy
% Carriers
dy(1) = (I/e) - (y(1)/V.*te) - (r*c*a*((y(1)/V)-n0)/ug)*y(2);
% Photons
dy(2) = (r*c*a*((y(1)/V)-n0)/ug)*y(2)- y(2)/tp + B*y(1)/V ;
end

in this the y(2) is P(t) what if i want to write the P(t-tp) where the tp is delayed time and tp =12E-12, how will these program modify.

Answer 1

[Torsten]

You will need to make a change in the unit of time in your equations such that the delay time is in the order of 1 - it's not possible to handle a delay of 12E-12 by any ode integrator.

Furthermore, ode45 is not suited to solve delay differential equations. You will have to use dde23 instead.

[SAHIL SAHOO]

thanks for the help, and can you please elaborate how to change the unit of time in equation for that and can you please give some documentation link where i can find that.

[Torsten]

thanks for the help, and can you please elaborate how to change the unit of time in equation for that

It's easy: Say the delay is 12e-12 seconds. If the unit for time in your equations is in seconds, then your delay term would be P(t-12e-12). If your time unit were seconds*1e-12, your delay term would be P(t*-12).

But thinking about it, I'm not sure if this really helps for the integration since 12/t* = 12e-12/t, and this is very small in both cases.