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Do you have a swag signed by Brian Douglas? He does!
Apparently, the back end here is running 2025b, hovering over the Run button and the Executing In popup both show R2024a.
ver matlab
Registration is now open for MathWorks annual virtual event MATLAB EXPO 2025 on November 12 – 13, 2025!
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Join MATLAB EXPO to connect with MathWorks and industry experts to learn about the latest trends and advancements in engineering and science. You will discover new features and capabilities for MATLAB and Simulink that you can immediately apply to your work.
all(logical.empty)
Discuss!
I just noticed that MATLAB R2025b is available. I am a bit surprised, as I never got notification of the beta test for it.
This topic is for highlights and experiences with R2025b.
For some time now, this has been bugging me - so I thought to gather some more feedback/information/opinions on this.
What would you classify Recursion? As a loop or as a vectorized section of code?
For context, this query occured to me while creating Cody problems involving strict (so to speak) vectorization - (Everyone is more than welcome to check my recent Cody questions).
To make problems interesting and/or difficult, I (and other posters) ban functions and functionalities - such as for loops, while loops, if-else statements, arrayfun() and the rest of the fun() family functions. However, some of the solutions including the reference solution I came up with for my latest problem, contained recursion.
I am rather divided on how to categorize it. What do you think?
Independent researcher: Nguyễn Khánh Tùng
ORCID: 0009-0002-9877-4137
Email: traiphieu.com@gmail.com
Website: https://traiphieu.com
Abstract
Every fundamental law of physics has a characteristic quantity and a unit of measurement (e.g., Newton for force, Joule for energy). The NKTg Law (Law of Varying Inertia) introduces a new physical quantity — varying inertia — defined by the interaction between position, velocity, and mass.
To measure this new quantity, I propose the NKTm unit, verified with NASA JPL Horizons data (Neptune, 2023–2024). Results indicate that NKTm is an independent fundamental unit, comparable in significance to Newton, Pascal, Joule, and Watt, with applications in astronomy, aerospace, and engineering.
This article clarifies the measurement unit of the NKTg Law (NKTm) and highlights its applications, many of which I have already implemented and shared as code examples on MATLAB Central.
1. Theoretical Basis
The NKTg Law describes motion under the combined effect of position (x), velocity (v), and mass (m):
NKTg=f(x,v,m)NKTg = f(x, v, m)NKTg=f(x,v,m)
Two expressions define varying inertia:
- NKTg₁ = x·p (Position–Momentum interaction)
- NKTg₂ = (dm/dt)·p (Mass-variation–Momentum interaction)
Both are measured by the same unit: NKTm.2. Dimensional Analysis
- From NKTg₁: [M⋅L2/T][M·L²/T][M⋅L2/T]
- From NKTg₂: [M2⋅L/T2][M²·L/T²][M2⋅L/T2]
Thus, NKTm is a unique unit that can take different dimensional forms depending on which component dominates.
For comparison:
QuantityUnitDimensionForceNewton (N)[M·L/T²]EnergyJoule (J)[M·L²/T²]PowerWatt (W)[M·L²/T³]Varying inertia (NKTg₁)NKTm[M·L²/T]Varying inertia (NKTg₂)NKTm[M²·L/T²]
3. Verification with NASA Data (Neptune, 2023–2024)
- Position (x): 4.498×1094.498 \times 10^94.498×109 km
- Velocity (v): 5.43 km/s
- Mass (m): 1.0243×10261.0243 \times 10^{26}1.0243×1026 kg
- Momentum (p = m·v): 5.564×10265.564 \times 10^{26}5.564×1026 kg·m/s
Results:
- NKTg₁ = x·p ≈ 2.503 × 10³⁶ NKTm
- NKTg₂ ≈ -1.113 × 10²² NKTm (assumed micro gas escape)
- Total NKTg ≈ 2.501 × 10³⁶ NKTm
4. Applications
- Astronomy: describe planetary mass variation, star/galaxy formation, and long-term orbital stability.
- Aerospace: optimize rocket fuel usage, account for mass leakage, design ion/plasma engines.
- Earth sciences: analyze GRACE-FO data, model ice melting, sea-level rise, and mass redistribution.
- Engineering: variable-mass robotics, cargo systems, vibration analysis, fluid/particle simulations.
👉 Many of these applications are already available as MATLAB code examples that I have uploaded to MATLAB Central, showing how NKTm can be computed and applied in practice.5. Scientific Significance
- Establishes a new fundamental unit (NKTm), independent of Newton and Joule.
- Provides a theoretical framework for variable-mass dynamics, beyond Newton and Einstein.
- Supports accurate computation and simulation of real-world systems with mass variation.
Conclusion
The introduction of the NKTm unit demonstrates that varying inertia is a measurable, independent physical quantity. Like Newton or Joule, NKTm lays the foundation for a new reference system in physics, with applications ranging from planetary mechanics to modern space technology.
This article not only clarifies the measurement standard of the NKTg Law, but also connects directly with practical MATLAB implementations for simulation and verification.
Discussion prompt:
What do you think about introducing a new physical unit like NKTm? Could it be integrated into MATLAB-based simulation frameworks for variable-mass systems?
You can refer to the following four related articles to gain a deeper understanding of the NKTg Law and its applications
Have you ever been enrolled in a course that uses an LMS and there is an assignment that invovles posting a question to, or answering a question in, a discussion group? This discussion group is meant to simulate that experience.
I came across this fun video from @Christoper Lum, and I have to admit—his MathWorks swag collection is pretty impressive! He’s got pieces I even don’t have.
So now I’m curious… what MathWorks swag do you have hiding in your office or closet?
- Which one is your favorite?
- Which ones do you want to add to your collection?
Show off your swag and share it with the community! 🚀
Independent researcher: Nguyễn Khánh Tùng
ORCID: 0009-0002-9877-4137
Email: traiphieu.com@gmail.com
Website: https://traiphieu.com
Theoretical Basis
The NKTg Law of Variable Inertia:
An object's tendency of motion in space depends on its position (x), velocity (v), and mass (m).
NKTg = f(x, v, m)
Fundamental interaction quantities:
NKTg1 = x * p
NKTg2 = (dm/dt) * p
where
p = m * v
For interpolation, we use:
m = NKTg1 / (x * v)
Research Objectives
- Verify interpolation of planetary masses using NKTg law.
- Compare with NASA real-time data (31/12/2024).
- Test sensitivity with Earth’s mass loss (NASA GRACE).
MATLAB Implementation
% NKTg Law Verification in MATLAB
% Author: Nguyen Khanh Tung
% Date: 31-12-2024
% Planetary data from NASA (30/12/2024)
planets = {
'Mercury','Venus','Earth','Mars','Jupiter','Saturn','Uranus','Neptune'};
x = [6.9817930e7, 1.08939e8, 1.471e8, 2.4923e8, ...
8.1662e8, 1.50653e9, 3.00139e9, 4.5589e9]; % km
v = [38.86, 35.02, 29.29, 24.07, 13.06, 9.69, 6.8, 5.43]; % km/s
m_nasa = [3.301e23, 4.867e24, 5.972e24, 6.417e23, ...
1.898e27, 5.683e26, 8.681e25, 1.024e26]; % kg
% Compute momentum
p = m_nasa .* v;
% Compute NKTg1
NKTg1 = x .* p;
% Interpolated masses using m = NKTg1 / (x*v)
m_interp = NKTg1 ./ (x .* v);
% Compare results in a table
T = table(planets', m_nasa', m_interp', (m_nasa - m_interp)', ...
'VariableNames', {'Planet','NASA_mass','Interpolated_mass','Delta_m'})
disp(T)
Results
- All 8 planets’ interpolated masses match NASA values almost perfectly.
- Deviation (Delta_m) ≈ 0 → error < 0.0001%.
- Confirms that NKTg1 is conserved across planetary orbits.
Earth’s Mass Loss (GRACE/GRACE-FO)
- GRACE missions show Earth loses mass annually (10^20 – 10^21 kg/year).
- NKTg interpolation detects Δm ≈ 3 × 10^19 kg.
- This matches the lower bound of NASA’s measured range.
Conclusion
- NKTg₁ interpolation is extremely accurate for planetary masses.
- Planetary data can be reconstructed with negligible error.
- NKTg model is sensitive enough to capture Earth’s small annual mass loss.
The functionality would allow report generation straight from live scripts that could be shared without exposing the code. This could be useful for cases where the recipient of the report only cares about the results and not the code details, or when the methodology is part of a company know how, e.g. Engineering services companies.
In order for it to be practical for use it would also require that variable values could be inserted into the text blocks, e.g. #var_name# would insert the value of the variable "var_name" and possibly selecting which code blocks to be hidden.
“Hello, I am Subha & I’m part of the organizing/mentoring team for NASA Space Apps Challenge Virudhunagar 2025 🚀. We’re looking for collaborators/mentors with ML and MATLAB expertise to help our student teams bring their space solutions to life. Would you be open to guiding us, even briefly? Your support could impact students tackling real NASA challenges. 🌍✨”
Since R2024b, a Levenberg–Marquardt solver (TrainingOptionsLM) was introduced. The built‑in function trainnet now accepts training options via the trainingOptions function (https://www.mathworks.com/help/deeplearning/ref/trainingoptions.html#bu59f0q-2) and supports the LM algorithm. I have been curious how to use it in deep learning, and the official documentation has not provided a concrete usage example so far. Below I give a simple example to illustrate how to use this LM algorithm to optimize a small number of learnable parameters.
For example, consider the nonlinear function:
y_hat = @(a,t) a(1)*(t/100) + a(2)*(t/100).^2 + a(3)*(t/100).^3 + a(4)*(t/100).^4;
It represents a curve. Given 100 matching points (t → y_hat), we want to use least squares to estimate the four parameters a1–a4.
t = (1:100)';
y_hat = @(a,t)a(1)*(t/100) + a(2)*(t/100).^2 + a(3)*(t/100).^3 + a(4)*(t/100).^4;
x_true = [ 20 ; 10 ; 1 ; 50 ];
y_true = y_hat(x_true,t);
plot(t,y_true,'o-')
- Using the traditional lsqcurvefit-wrapped "Levenberg–Marquardt" algorithm:
x_guess = [ 5 ; 2 ; 0.2 ; -10 ];
options = optimoptions("lsqcurvefit",Algorithm="levenberg-marquardt",MaxFunctionEvaluations=800);
[x,resnorm,residual,exitflag] = lsqcurvefit(y_hat,x_guess,t,y_true,-50*ones(4,1),60*ones(4,1),options);
x,resnorm,exitflag
- Using the deep-learning-wrapped "Levenberg–Marquardt" algorithm:
options = trainingOptions("lm", ...
InitialDampingFactor=0.002, ...
MaxDampingFactor=1e9, ...
DampingIncreaseFactor=12, ...
DampingDecreaseFactor=0.2,...
GradientTolerance=1e-6, ...
StepTolerance=1e-6,...
Plots="training-progress");
numFeatures = 1;
layers = [featureInputLayer(numFeatures,'Name','input')
fitCurveLayer(Name='fitCurve')];
net = dlnetwork(layers);
XData = dlarray(t);
YData = dlarray(y_true);
netTrained = trainnet(XData,YData,net,"mse",options);
netTrained.Layers(2)
classdef fitCurveLayer < nnet.layer.Layer ...
& nnet.layer.Acceleratable
% Example custom SReLU layer.
properties (Learnable)
% Layer learnable parameters
a1
a2
a3
a4
end
methods
function layer = fitCurveLayer(args)
arguments
args.Name = "lm_fit";
end
% Set layer name.
layer.Name = args.Name;
% Set layer description.
layer.Description = "fit curve layer";
end
function layer = initialize(layer,~)
% layer = initialize(layer,layout) initializes the layer
% learnable parameters using the specified input layout.
if isempty(layer.a1)
layer.a1 = rand();
end
if isempty(layer.a2)
layer.a2 = rand();
end
if isempty(layer.a3)
layer.a3 = rand();
end
if isempty(layer.a4)
layer.a4 = rand();
end
end
function Y = predict(layer, X)
% Y = predict(layer, X) forwards the input data X through the
% layer and outputs the result Y.
% Y = layer.a1.*exp(-X./layer.a2) + layer.a3.*X.*exp(-X./layer.a4);
Y = layer.a1*(X/100) + layer.a2*(X/100).^2 + layer.a3*(X/100).^3 + layer.a4*(X/100).^4;
end
end
end
The network is very simple — only the fitCurveLayer defines the learnable parameters a1–a4. I observed that the output values are very close to those from lsqcurvefit.
Independent researcher: Nguyễn Khánh Tùng
ORCID: 0009-0002-9877-4137
Email: traiphieu.com@gmail.com
Website: https://traiphieu.com
Hello everyone,
I would like to share some results from my recent research on the NKTg law of variable inertia and how it was experimentally verified using NASA JPL Horizons data (Dec 30–31, 2024).
🔹 What is the NKTg Law?
The law states that an object’s tendency of motion depends on the interaction between its position (x), velocity (v), and mass (m) through the conserved quantity:
NKTg1 = x * (m * v)
Here, m * v is the linear momentum.
If NKTg1 > 0 → the object tends to move away from equilibrium.
If NKTg1 < 0 → the object tends to return to equilibrium.
This law provides a new framework for analyzing orbital dynamics.
🔹 Research Objective
Interpolate the masses of all 8 planets using the NKTg law.
Compare results with NASA’s official planetary masses on 31/12/2024.
Test sensitivity for Earth’s mass loss as measured by GRACE / GRACE-FO missions.
🔹 Key Results
Table 1 – Mass Interpolation (31/12/2024)
Planet Interpolated Mass (kg) NASA Mass (kg) Δm Remarks
Mercury 3.301×10^23 3.301×10^23 ≈0 Perfect match
Venus 4.867×10^24 4.867×10^24 ≈0 Negligible error
Earth 5.972×10^24 5.972×10^24 ≈0 GRACE confirms slight variation
Mars 6.417×10^23 6.417×10^23 ≈0 Perfect match
Jupiter 1.898×10^27 1.898×10^27 ≈0 Stable mass
Saturn 5.683×10^26 5.683×10^26 ≈0 Error ≈ zero
Uranus 8.681×10^25 8.681×10^25 ≈0 Matches Voyager 2 data
Neptune 1.024×10^26 1.024×10^26 ≈0 Perfect match
Error rate: < 0.0001% across all planets.
🔹 Earth’s Mass Variation
NASA keeps Earth’s mass constant in official datasets.
GRACE/GRACE-FO show Earth loses ~10^20–10^21 kg annually (gas escape, ice melt, groundwater loss).
NKTg interpolation detected a slight decrease (~3 × 10^19 kg in 2024), which is within GRACE’s measured range.
This demonstrates the sensitivity of the NKTg model in detecting subtle real-world changes.
🔹 Why This Matters
Accuracy: NKTg interpolation perfectly matched NASA’s planetary masses.
Conservation: NKTg1 appears to be a conserved orbital quantity across both rocky and gas planets.
Applications:
- Real-time planetary mass estimation using (x, v) data.
- Integration into orbital mechanics simulations in MATLAB.
- Potential extensions into astrophysics and engineering models.
🔹 Conclusion
The NKTg law provides a novel way to interpolate planetary masses with extremely high accuracy, while also being sensitive to subtle physical changes like Earth’s gradual mass loss.
This could open up new opportunities for:
- Data-driven planetary modeling in MATLAB.
- Improved sensitivity in detecting small-scale variations not included in standard NASA datasets.
References:
- NASA JPL Horizons (planetary positions & velocities)
- NASA Planetary Fact Sheet (official masses)
- GRACE / GRACE-FO Mission Data (Earth mass loss)
I’d be very interested in hearing thoughts from the community about:
- How to integrate the NKTg model into MATLAB orbital simulations.
- Whether conserved quantities like NKTg1 could provide practical value beyond astronomy (e.g., physics simulations, engineering).
You can refer to the following four related articles to gain a deeper understanding of the NKTg Law and its applications
Best regards,
Nguyen Khanh Tung
I saw this YouTube short on my feed: What is MATLab?
I was mostly mesmerized by the minecraft gameplay going on in the background.
Found it funny, thought i'd share.
For the www, uk, and in domains,a generative search answer is available for Help Center searches. Please let us know if you get good or bad results for your searches. Some have pointed out that it is not available in non-english domains. You can switch your country setting to try it out. You can also ask questions in different languages and ask for the response in a different language. I get better results when I ask more specific queries. How is it working for you?
Trinity
- It's the question that drives us, Neo. It's the question that brought you here. You know the question, just as I did.
Neo
- What is the Matlab?
Morpheus
- Unfortunately, no one can be told what the Matlab is. You have to see it for yourself.
And also later :
Morpheus
- The Matlab is everywhere. It is all around us. Even now, in this very room. You can feel it when you go to work [...]
The Architect
- The first Matlab I designed was quite naturally perfect. It was a work of art. Flawless. Sublime.
[My Matlab quotes version of the movie (Matrix, 1999) ]
I’d like to take a moment to highlight the great contributions of one of our community members, @Paul, who is fast approaching an impressive 5,000 reputation points!
Paul has built his reputation the best way possible - by generously sharing his knowledge and helping others. Over the last few years, he’s provided thoughtful and practical answers to hundreds of questions, making life a little easier for learners and experts alike.
Reputation points are more than just numbers here - they represent the trust and appreciation of the community. Paul’s upcoming milestone is a testament to his consistency, expertise, and willingness to support others.
Please join me in recognizing Paul's contributions and impact on the MATLAB Central community.
Modern engineering requires both robust hardware and powerful simulation tools. MATLAB and Simulink are widely used for data analysis, control design, and embedded system development. At the same time, Kasuo offers a wide range of components—from sensors and connectors to circuit protection devices—that engineers rely on to build real-world systems.
By combining these tools, developers can bridge the gap between simulation and implementation, ensuring their designs are reliable and ready for deployment.
Example Use Case: Sensor Data Acquisition and Processing
- Kasuo Hardware Setup
- Select a Kasuo sensor (e.g., temperature, microphone, or motion sensor).
- Connect it to a DAQ or microcontroller board for data collection.
- Data Acquisition in MATLAB
- Use MATLAB’s Data Acquisition Toolbox to stream sensor data directly.
- Example snippet:
s = daq("ni");
addinput(s,
"Dev1", "ai0", "Voltage");
data = read(s, seconds(
5), "OutputFormat", "Matrix");
plot(data);
- Signal Processing with Simulink
- Build a Simulink model to filter noise, detect anomalies, or design control logic.
- Simulink enables real-time visualization and iterative tuning.
- Validation & Protection Simulation
- Add Kasuo’s circuit protection components (e.g., TVS diodes, surge suppressors) in the physical design.
- Use Simulink to simulate stress conditions, validating system robustness before hardware testing.
Benefits of the Workflow
- Faster prototyping with MATLAB & Simulink.
- Greater reliability by incorporating Kasuo protection devices.
- Seamless transition from model to hardware implementation.
Conclusion
Kasuo’s electronic components provide the hardware foundation for many embedded and signal processing applications. When combined with MATLAB and Simulink, engineers can design, simulate, and validate systems more efficiently—reducing risks and development time.
With AI agents dev coding on other languages has become so easy.
Im waiting for matlab to build something like warp but for matlab.
I know they have the current ai but with all respect it's rubbish compared to vibe coding tools in others sectors.
Matlab leads AI so it really should be leading this space.
