dipoleCylindrical

Create cylindrical dipole antenna

Since R2021a

Description

The dipoleCylindrical object creates a cylindrical dipole antenna. The length of the cylindrical dipole corresponds to half of the wavelength at the operating frequency. These antennas are used in designing thicker dipole antennas. These antennas are mostly used in wireless communications due to their simple design.

Creation

Syntax

ant = dipoleCylindrical

ant = dipoleCylindrical(Name,Value)

Description

ant = dipoleCylindrical creates a cylindrical dipole antenna object with default dimensions for an operating frequency of 70 MHz. The default dipole is center fed, with the feedpoint at the origin located on the y-z plane.

ant = dipoleCylindrical(Name,Value) sets Properties using one or more name-value pairs. For example, ant = dipoleCylindrical('Radius',0.04) creates a cylindrical dipole antenna with radius of 0.04 meters.

Properties

Length — Length of dipole

2 (default) | positive scalar

Length of the dipole, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 'Length',3

Data Types: double

Radius — Radius of dipole

0.025 (default) | positive scalar

Radius of the dipole, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 'Radius',0.05

Data Types: double

FeedOffset — Signed distance from center along z-axis

0 (default) | real-valued scalar

Signed distance from the center along Z-axis, specified as a real-valued scalar in meters.

Example: 'FeedOffset',-0.2

Data Types: double

ClosedEnd — Determines if dipole ends are closed with cap

0 (default) | 1

Determine if the dipole ends are closed with a flat cap or left open, specified as 0 or 1. Specify 1 for closed ends of the dipole and 0 for open ends.

Example: 'ClosedEnd',1

Data Types: double

Conductor — Type of metal material

'PEC' (default) | metal object

Type of the metal used as a conductor, specified as a metal material object. You can choose any metal from the MetalCatalog or specify a metal of your choice. For more information, see metal. For more information on metal conductor meshing, see Meshing.

Example: m = metal('Copper'); 'Conductor',m

Example: m = metal('Copper'); ant.Conductor = m

Tilt — Tilt angle of antenna

0 (default) | scalar | vector

Tilt angle of the antenna, specified as a scalar or vector with each element unit in degrees. For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: 'Tilt',90

Example: ant.Tilt = 90

Example: 'Tilt',[90 90],'TiltAxis',[0 1 0;0 1 1] tilts the antenna at 90 degrees about the two axes defined by the vectors.

Data Types: double

TiltAxis — Tilt axis of antenna

[1 0 0] (default) | three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates | two three-element vectors of Cartesian coordinates | 'X' | 'Y' | 'Z'

Tilt axis of the antenna, specified as:

• Three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates in meters. In this case, each coordinate in the vector starts at the origin and lies along the specified points on the X-, Y-, and Z-axes.

• Two points in space, each specified as three-element vectors of Cartesian coordinates. In this case, the antenna rotates around the line joining the two points in space.

• A string input describing simple rotations around one of the principal axes, 'X', 'Y', or 'Z'.

For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: 'TiltAxis',[0 1 0]

Example: 'TiltAxis',[0 0 0;0 1 0]

Example: ant.TiltAxis = 'Z'

Data Types: double

Load — Lumped elements

[1x1 lumpedElement] (default) | lumpedElement object

Lumped elements added to the antenna feed, specified as a lumpedElement object handle. You can add a load anywhere on the surface of the antenna. By default, the load is at the feed. For more information, see lumpedElement.

Example: 'Load',lumpedelement, where lumpedelement is the load added to the antenna feed.

Example: ant.Load = lumpedElement('Impedance',75)

Object Functions

show	Display antenna, array structures or shapes
axialRatio	Axial ratio of antenna
beamwidth	Beamwidth of antenna
charge	Charge distribution on antenna or array surface
current	Current distribution on antenna or array surface
cylinder2strip	Cylinder equivalent width approximation
design	Design prototype antenna or arrays for resonance around specified frequency
efficiency	Radiation efficiency of antenna
EHfields	Electric and magnetic fields of antennas; Embedded electric and magnetic fields of antenna element in arrays
impedance	Input impedance of antenna; scan impedance of array
mesh	Mesh properties of metal, dielectric antenna, or array structure
meshconfig	Change mesh mode of antenna structure
optimize	Optimize antenna or array using SADEA optimizer
pattern	Radiation pattern and phase of antenna or array; Embedded pattern of antenna element in array
patternAzimuth	Azimuth pattern of antenna or array
patternElevation	Elevation pattern of antenna or array
rcs	Calculate and plot radar cross section (RCS) of platform, antenna, or array
returnLoss	Return loss of antenna; scan return loss of array
sparameters	Calculate S-parameter for antenna and antenna array objects
strip2cylinder	Calculates equivalent radius approximation for strip
vswr	Voltage standing wave ratio of antenna

Examples

Create Default Cylindrical Dipole Antenna and Plot Radiation Pattern

Create a cylindrical dipole antenna with default properties.

ant = dipoleCylindrical

ant = 
  dipoleCylindrical with properties:

        Length: 2
        Radius: 0.0250
    FeedOffset: 0
     ClosedEnd: 0
     Conductor: [1x1 metal]
          Tilt: 0
      TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
          Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

View the antenna using the show function.

show(ant)

Plot the radiation pattern of the cylindrical dipole antenna at a frequency of 70 MHz.

pattern(ant,70e6)

Impedance of Cylindrical Dipole Antenna

Create a center-fed cylindrical dipole with a length of 2 m and a radius of 0.06 m.

ant = dipoleCylindrical('Length',2,'Radius',0.06)

ant = 
  dipoleCylindrical with properties:

        Length: 2
        Radius: 0.0600
    FeedOffset: 0
     ClosedEnd: 0
     Conductor: [1x1 metal]
          Tilt: 0
      TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
          Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

Plot the impedance over a frequency range of 50 MHz to 120 MHz.

impedance(ant,linspace(50e6,120e6,51))

Compare Current Distribution of Open- and Close-ended Cylindrical Dipole Antennas

Create cylindrical dipole antennas with an open-ended top and a close-ended top, respectively.

ant = dipoleCylindrical("Radius",0.1);
ant_ClosedEnded = dipoleCylindrical("Radius",0.1,"ClosedEnd",1);

Calculate and plot the current distribution for the cylindrical dipole antennas at frequency of 70 MHz.

I_OpenEnded  = current(ant,70e6)

I_OpenEnded = 3×400 complex

  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0005i  -0.0000 - 0.0007i  -0.0000 - 0.0005i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0007i   0.0000 + 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0003i   0.0000 + 0.0007i   0.0000 + 0.0009i   0.0000 + 0.0007i   0.0000 + 0.0003i  -0.0000 - 0.0003i  -0.0000 - 0.0007i  -0.0000 - 0.0009i  -0.0000 - 0.0007i  -0.0000 - 0.0003i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i
   0.0000 + 0.0006i   0.0000 + 0.0004i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0004i  -0.0000 - 0.0006i  -0.0000 - 0.0006i  -0.0000 - 0.0004i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0004i   0.0000 + 0.0006i  -0.0000 - 0.0008i  -0.0000 - 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0008i   0.0000 + 0.0008i   0.0000 + 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0005i  -0.0000 - 0.0008i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0002i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0001 + 0.0001i
  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0191 - 0.0016i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0190 + 0.0033i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0189 + 0.0036i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0185 + 0.0046i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i  -0.0183 + 0.0049i

current(ant,70e6)

I_ClosedEnded = current(ant_ClosedEnded,70e6)

I_ClosedEnded = 3×428 complex

  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0005i  -0.0000 - 0.0007i  -0.0000 - 0.0005i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0007i   0.0000 + 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0003i   0.0000 + 0.0007i   0.0000 + 0.0008i   0.0000 + 0.0007i   0.0000 + 0.0003i  -0.0000 - 0.0003i  -0.0000 - 0.0007i  -0.0000 - 0.0008i  -0.0000 - 0.0007i  -0.0000 - 0.0003i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i
   0.0000 + 0.0006i   0.0000 + 0.0004i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0004i  -0.0000 - 0.0006i  -0.0000 - 0.0006i  -0.0000 - 0.0004i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0004i   0.0000 + 0.0006i  -0.0000 - 0.0008i  -0.0000 - 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0008i   0.0000 + 0.0008i   0.0000 + 0.0005i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0005i  -0.0000 - 0.0008i   0.0000 + 0.0002i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0002i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0002i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i   0.0001 + 0.0001i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0000i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0001 - 0.0001i  -0.0000 - 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0000 + 0.0000i   0.0001 + 0.0001i
  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0180 - 0.0011i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0179 + 0.0038i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0178 + 0.0041i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0175 + 0.0052i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i  -0.0173 + 0.0055i

figure;
current(ant_ClosedEnded,70e6)

More About

Parametric Analysis Guidelines

To understand how the properties of the dipoleCylindrical antenna object influence the antenna design, use these parametric analysis guidelines.

• To increase the operating frequency, decrease the Length of the dipoleCylindrical antenna.

• To increase the gain, increase the Length of the dipoleCylindrical antenna object.

• To increase the bandwidth, increase the Radius of the dipoleCylindrical antenna object.

References

[1] King Ronald W.P. Characteristics of Cylindrical Dipoles and Monopoles. Boston, MA: Springer, 1971.

Version History

Introduced in R2021a