# Divide

Divide one input by another

• Library:

HDL Coder / HDL Floating Point Operations

HDL Coder / Math Operations

## Description

The Divide block outputs the result of dividing its first input by its second. The inputs can be scalars, a scalar and a nonscalar, or two nonscalars that have the same dimensions. This block supports only complex input values at division ports when all ports have the same single or double data type.

The Divide block is functionally a Product block that has two block parameter values preset:

• Multiplication — Element-wise(.*)

• Number of Inputs — */

Setting nondefault values for either of those parameters can change a Divide block to be functionally equivalent to a Product block or a Product of Elements block.

## Ports

### Input

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Input signal to be multiplied with other inputs.

#### Dependencies

To enable one or more X ports, specify one or more * characters for the Number of inputs parameter and set the Multiplication parameter to Element-wise(.*).

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

Input signal for division or inversion operations.

#### Dependencies

To enable one or more ÷ ports, specify one or more / characters for the Number of inputs parameter and set the Multiplication parameter to Element-wise(.*).

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

First input to multiply or divide, provided as a scalar, vector, matrix, or N-D array.

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

Nth input to multiply or divide, provided as a scalar, vector, matrix, or N-D array.

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

Input signal to be multiplied with other inputs.

#### Dependencies

To enable one or more * ports, specify one or more * characters for the Number of inputs parameter and set the Multiplication parameter to Matrix(*).

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

Input signal for division or inversion operations.

#### Dependencies

To enable one or more Inv ports, specify one or more / characters for the Number of inputs parameter and set the Multiplication parameter to Matrix(*).

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

### Output

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Output computed by multiplying, dividing, or inverting inputs.

Data Types: half | single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

## Parameters

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### Main

Control two properties of the block:

• The number of input ports on the block

• Whether each input is multiplied or divided into the output

When you specify:

• 1 or * or /

The block has one input port. In element-wise mode, the block processes the input as described for the Product of Elements block. In matrix mode, if the parameter value is 1 or *, the block outputs the input value. If the value is /, the input must be a square matrix (including a scalar as a degenerate case) and the block outputs the matrix inverse. See Element-Wise Mode and Matrix Mode for more information.

• Integer value > 1

The block has the number of inputs given by the integer value. The inputs are multiplied together in element-wise mode or matrix mode, as specified by the Multiplication parameter. See Element-Wise Mode and Matrix Mode for more information.

• Unquoted string of two or more * and / characters

The block has the number of inputs given by the length of the character vector. Each input that corresponds to a * character is multiplied into the output. Each input that corresponds to a / character is divided into the output. The operations occur in element-wise mode or matrix mode, as specified by the Multiplication parameter. See Element-Wise Mode and Matrix Mode for more information.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: Inputs Type: character vector Values: '2' | '*' | '**' | '*/' | '*/*' | ... Default: '*/'

Specify whether the block performs Element-wise(.*) or Matrix(*) multiplication.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: Multiplication Type: character vector Values: 'Element-wise(.*)' | 'Matrix(*)' Default: 'Element-wise(.*)'

Specify the dimension to multiply over as All dimensions, or Specified dimension. When you select Specified dimension, you can specify the Dimension as 1 or 2.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Number of inputs to * and Multiplication to Element-wise (.*).

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: CollapseMode Type: character vector Values: 'All dimensions' | 'Specified dimension' Default: 'All dimensions'

Specify the dimension to multiply over as an integer less than or equal to the number of dimensions of the input signal.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set:

• Number of inputs to *

• Multiplication to Element-wise (.*)

• Multiply over to Specified dimension

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: CollapseDim Type: character vector Values: '1' | '2' | ... Default: '1'

Specify the sample time as a value other than -1. For more information, see Specify Sample Time.

#### Dependencies

This parameter is not visible unless it is explicitly set to a value other than -1. To learn more, see Blocks for Which Sample Time Is Not Recommended.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: SampleTime Type: string scalar or character vector Default: "-1"

### Signal Attributes

Specify if input signals must all have the same data type. If you enable this parameter, then an error occurs during simulation if the input signal types are different.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: InputSameDT Type: character vector Values: 'off' | 'on' Default: 'off'

Lower value of the output range that Simulink® checks.

Simulink uses the minimum to perform:

Note

Output minimum does not saturate or clip the actual output signal. Use the Saturation block instead.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: OutMin Type: character vector Values: '[ ]'| scalar Default: '[ ]'

Upper value of the output range that Simulink checks.

Simulink uses the maximum value to perform:

Note

Output maximum does not saturate or clip the actual output signal. Use the Saturation block instead.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: OutMax Type: character vector Values: '[ ]'| scalar Default: '[ ]'

Choose the data type for the output. The type can be inherited, specified directly, or expressed as a data type object such as Simulink.NumericType. For more information, see Control Data Types of Signals.

When you select an inherited option, the block behaves as follows:

• Inherit: Inherit via internal rule — Simulink chooses a data type to balance numerical accuracy, performance, and generated code size, while taking into account the properties of the embedded target hardware. If you change the embedded target settings, the data type selected by the internal rule might change. For example, if the block multiplies an input of type int8 by a gain of int16 and ASIC/FPGA is specified as the targeted hardware type, the output data type is sfix24. If Unspecified (assume 32-bit Generic), in other words, a generic 32-bit microprocessor, is specified as the target hardware, the output data type is int32. If none of the word lengths provided by the target microprocessor can accommodate the output range, Simulink software displays an error in the Diagnostic Viewer.

It is not always possible for the software to optimize code efficiency and numerical accuracy at the same time. If the internal rule doesn’t meet your specific needs for numerical accuracy or performance, use one of the following options:

• Specify the output data type explicitly.

• Use the simple choice of Inherit: Same as input.

• Explicitly specify a default data type such as fixdt(1,32,16) and then use the Fixed-Point Tool to propose data types for your model. For more information, see fxptdlg (Fixed-Point Designer).

• To specify your own inheritance rule, use Inherit: Inherit via back propagation and then use a Data Type Propagation block. Examples of how to use this block are available in the Signal Attributes library Data Type Propagation Examples block.

• Inherit: Inherit via back propagation — Use data type of the driving block.

• Inherit: Same as first input — Use data type of first input signal.

#### Dependencies

When input is a floating-point data type smaller than single precision, the Inherit: Inherit via internal rule output data type depends on the setting of the Inherit floating-point output type smaller than single precision configuration parameter. Data types are smaller than single precision when the number of bits needed to encode the data type is less than the 32 bits needed to encode the single-precision data type. For example, half and int16 are smaller than single precision.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: OutDataTypeStr Type: character vector Values: 'Inherit: Inherit via internal rule | 'Inherit: Same as first input' | 'Inherit: Inherit via back propagation' | 'double' | 'single' | 'int8' | 'uint8' | 'int16' | 'uint16' | 'int32' | 'uint32' | 'int64' | 'uint64' | 'fixdt(1,16)' | 'fixdt(1,16,0)' | 'fixdt(1,16,2^0,0)' | '' Default: 'Inherit: Inherit via internal rule'

Select this parameter to prevent the fixed-point tools from overriding the Output data type you specify on the block. For more information, see Use Lock Output Data Type Setting (Fixed-Point Designer).

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: LockScale Type: character vector Values: 'off' | 'on' Default: 'off'

Select the rounding mode for fixed-point operations. You can select:

Ceiling

Rounds positive and negative numbers toward positive infinity. Equivalent to the MATLAB® ceil function.

Convergent

Rounds number to the nearest representable value. If a tie occurs, rounds to the nearest even integer. Equivalent to the Fixed-Point Designer™ convergent function.

Floor

Rounds positive and negative numbers toward negative infinity. Equivalent to the MATLAB floor function.

Nearest

Rounds number to the nearest representable value. If a tie occurs, rounds toward positive infinity. Equivalent to the Fixed-Point Designer nearest function.

Round

Rounds number to the nearest representable value. If a tie occurs, rounds positive numbers toward positive infinity and rounds negative numbers toward negative infinity. Equivalent to the Fixed-Point Designer round function.

Simplest

Chooses between rounding toward floor and rounding toward zero to generate rounding code that is as efficient as possible.

Zero

Rounds number toward zero. Equivalent to the MATLAB fix function.

Block parameters always round to the nearest representable value. To control the rounding of a block parameter, enter an expression using a MATLAB rounding function into the mask field.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: RndMeth Type: character vector Values: 'Ceiling' | 'Convergent' | 'Floor' | 'Nearest' | 'Round' | 'Simplest' | 'Zero' Default: 'Floor'

Specify whether overflows saturate or wrap.

ActionRationaleImpact on OverflowsExample

Select this check box (on).

Your model has possible overflow, and you want explicit saturation protection in the generated code.

Overflows saturate to either the minimum or maximum value that the data type can represent.

The maximum value that the int8 (signed, 8-bit integer) data type can represent is 127. Any block operation result greater than this maximum value causes overflow of the 8-bit integer. With the check box selected, the block output saturates at 127. Similarly, the block output saturates at a minimum output value of -128.

Do not select this check box (off).

You want to optimize efficiency of your generated code.

You want to avoid overspecifying how a block handles out-of-range signals. For more information, see Troubleshoot Signal Range Errors.

Overflows wrap to the appropriate value that is representable by the data type.

The maximum value that the int8 (signed, 8-bit integer) data type can represent is 127. Any block operation result greater than this maximum value causes overflow of the 8-bit integer. With the check box cleared, the software interprets the overflow-causing value as int8, which can produce an unintended result. For example, a block result of 130 (binary 1000 0010) expressed as int8, is -126.

When you select this check box, saturation applies to every internal operation on the block, not just the output, or result. Usually, the code generation process can detect when overflow is not possible. In this case, the code generator does not produce saturation code.

#### Programmatic Use

 Block Parameter: SaturateOnIntegerOverflow Type: character vector Values: 'off' | 'on' Default: 'off'

## Block Characteristics

 Data Types Boolean | double | fixed point | half | integer | single Direct Feedthrough yes Multidimensional Signals yes Variable-Size Signals yes Zero-Crossing Detection no

## Version History

Introduced before R2006a