Generate a 100000x100000 matrix that takes less time and memory

19 visualizaciones (últimos 30 días)
I have written a random matrix generator code that generates an adjacency matrix of any size. I am targetting larger size like 100kx100k but the problem that I face is the time to generate that (which is related to the RAM memory). It needs ~ 60 GB to do this.
I presume that there has to be a smarter way to do this, like by using a small int instead of a double word or something similar to the datatype. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks
function [a,ed] = Random_graph_genar_function(nodes, connectivity)
for it=1:3
ni = nodes;
ac= connectivity;
mi=(ni*(ni-1))/2;
no=round(mi*ac);
a=zeros(ni,ni);
in=randperm(mi,no); p=1;
for i=1:ni
for j=i+1:ni
if (any(in(:)==p))
a(i,j)=1;
a(j,i)=1;
end
p=p+1;
end
end
p=0;
for i=1:ni
for j=i+1:ni
if (a(i,j)==1)
p=p+1;
ed(1,p)=i;
ed(2,p)=j;
end
end
end
s=sum(a);
mx=max(s)
for i=1:ni
bc(i)=mx-s(i);
end
tbc=sum(bc);
end
end
  4 comentarios
Walter Roberson
Walter Roberson el 20 de Oct. de 2020
The percentage of the matrix that is non-zero is random
Is it going to be 0.000378% in one run, but 82.19% in another run? You have no idea what the percentage will be, other than more than 0% and less than 100% ?
Jay Vaidya
Jay Vaidya el 20 de Oct. de 2020
No, I meant that I would like to control the connectivity of the graph (percentage of non-zero elements) using the connectivity parameter in the above function.

Iniciar sesión para comentar.

Respuesta aceptada

Matt J
Matt J el 20 de Oct. de 2020
Editada: Matt J el 20 de Oct. de 2020
Seems to me the whole code can be replaced by,
function [a,ed] = Random_graph_genar_function(nodes, connectivity)
a=logical(sprandsym(nodes,connectivity));
a=a-a.*speye(nodes);
G=graph(a);
ed=table2array(G.Edges).';
end
although instead of having the function return a and ed, I suspect that everything you are trying to do is more easily accomplished with the graph object G instead.
  8 comentarios
Walter Roberson
Walter Roberson el 20 de Oct. de 2020
Editada: Walter Roberson el 20 de Oct. de 2020
If you have a fixed number of iterations to work with, then you will need to proceed by either
  1. growing the graph step by step so that at no point are there disconnected points; or
  2. imposing a maximum distance away from other existing points upon new points, and "reserving" a number of iterations to do nothing but "fix-up" the disconnected subtrees by connecting them to other sub-trees; or
  3. after the initial iterations, find all disconnected subtrees and move them to be attached to the main tree. If you have a constrained geometry, it might take some searching to find attachment points that satisfy the constraints
I suspect that the first option, growing step by step, is the easiest.
Jay Vaidya
Jay Vaidya el 20 de Oct. de 2020
Thanks, Walter and Matt. I agree that growing step by step would be easier. I have made another question about this. It would be great if you have some time to see that. It is here. Thanks in advance.

Iniciar sesión para comentar.

Más respuestas (2)

Ameer Hamza
Ameer Hamza el 19 de Oct. de 2020
If most of the elements equal to zero, then use sparse array: https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/sparse.html. You can also try to create uint8 array which will only use 1/8 memory
a=zeros(ni,ni,'uint8');
  7 comentarios
Jay Vaidya
Jay Vaidya el 20 de Oct. de 2020
That gives the matrix that is quite sparse. I needed a matrix that can have the connectivity that I would like to have. Can we control the connectivity/density in this?
Jay Vaidya
Jay Vaidya el 20 de Oct. de 2020
My entire code used to use double datatype. I don't know using sparse can change other things. At the end of the day, I need an adjacency matrix that has 0.1 (connectivity) and 100k nodes (100k rows and 100k columns).
I changed the
a=zeros(ni,ni);
to
a=zeros(ni,ni,'uint8');
But, it is not making a big difference in the above code for n = 1e3 (1000 nodes).

Iniciar sesión para comentar.


Walter Roberson
Walter Roberson el 19 de Oct. de 2020
a=zeros(ni,ni,'uint8');
You are already using only one byte per entry.
If you were to create logic that packed 8 adjacent entries into one byte, you could potentially get 8:1 compression... and would still need 116.4 gigabytes of memory.
Your only hope would be if you could use a sparse() array. See https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/100287-how-much-memory-a-sparse-matrix-created-using-sprand-with-given-number-of-rows-columns-and-density for a guideline to the amount of memory a sparse array uses. I suspect the 16 is 8 bytes for an offset, plus 8 bytes for storage -- so using a sparse logical array possibly only takes 8+1 = 9 bytes per entry (this could be tested.)
Which is to say that if your occupancy is more than about 1/20 then sparse would be less efficient. If you had a target of (say) 16 gigabytes then you would need to be about only 1/1000 occupied.

Categorías

Más información sobre Sparse Matrices en Help Center y File Exchange.

Etiquetas

Productos


Versión

R2020b

Community Treasure Hunt

Find the treasures in MATLAB Central and discover how the community can help you!

Start Hunting!

Translated by