Caracteres y cadenas

Texto en arreglos de caracteres y arreglos de cadenas

Los arreglos de caracteres y los arreglos de cadenas sirven para almacenar datos de texto en MATLAB^®.

Un arreglo de caracteres es una secuencia de caracteres, así como un arreglo numérico es una secuencia de números. Comúnmente, se utiliza para almacenar pequeños fragmentos de texto como vectores de caracteres (por ejemplo, c = 'Hello World').
Un arreglo de cadenas es un contenedor de fragmentos de texto. Los arreglos de cadenas proporcionan un conjunto de funciones para trabajar con texto como datos. Puede crear cadenas utilizando comillas dobles, como str = "Greetings friend". Para convertir datos en arreglos de cadenas, use la función string.

Funciones

`string`	Arreglo de cadenas
`strings`	Create string array with no characters
`join`	Combine strings
`plus`	Add numbers, append strings

`char`	Character array
`cellstr`	Convert to cell array of character vectors
`blanks`	Create character array of blanks
`newline`	Crear un carácter de línea nueva

`compose`	Format data into multiple strings
`sprintf`	Establecer el formato de datos como cadena o vector de caracteres
`strcat`	Concatenar cadenas horizontalmente
`append`	Combine strings

`convertCharsToStrings`	Convert character arrays to string arrays, leaving other arrays unaltered
`convertStringsToChars`	Convert string arrays to character arrays, leaving other arrays unaltered
`convertContainedStringsToChars`	Convert string arrays at any level of cell array or structure

`double`	Arreglo de doble precisión
`string`	Arreglo de cadenas
`str2double`	Convert strings to double precision values
`num2str`	Convertir números en un arreglo de caracteres

`ischar`	Determine if input is character array
`iscellstr`	Determine if input is cell array of character vectors
`isstring`	Determine if input is string array
`isStringScalar`	Determine if input is string array with one element

`strlength`	Lengths of strings
`isstrprop`	Determine which characters in input strings are of specified category
`isletter`	Determine which characters are letters
`isspace`	Determine which characters are space characters

`contains`	Determinar si un patrón está en cadenas
`matches`	Determine if pattern matches strings
`count`	Count occurrences of pattern in strings
`endsWith`	Determine if strings end with pattern
`startsWith`	Determine if strings start with pattern
`strfind`	Find strings within other strings
`sscanf`	Read formatted data from strings

`replace`	Find and replace one or more substrings
`replaceBetween`	Replace substrings between start and end points
`strrep`	Find and replace substrings

pattern Patterns to search and match text

`alphanumericsPattern`	Match letter and digit characters
`characterListPattern`	Match characters from list
`digitsPattern`	Match digit characters
`lettersPattern`	Match letter characters
`whitespacePattern`	Match whitespace characters
`wildcardPattern`	Matches as few characters of any type

`optionalPattern`	Make pattern optional to match
`possessivePattern`	Match pattern without backtracking
`caseSensitivePattern`	Match pattern with case sensitivity
`caseInsensitivePattern`	Match pattern regardless of case
`asFewOfPattern`	Match pattern as few times as possible
`asManyOfPattern`	Match pattern as many times as possible

`alphanumericBoundary`	Match boundary between alphanumeric and non-alphanumeric characters
`digitBoundary`	Match boundary between digit characters and non-digit characters
`letterBoundary`	Match boundary between letter characters and non-letter characters
`whitespaceBoundary`	Match boundary between whitespace characters and non-whitespace characters
`lineBoundary`	Match start or end of line
`textBoundary`	Match start or end of text
`lookAheadBoundary`	Match boundary before specified pattern
`lookBehindBoundary`	Match boundary following specified pattern

`maskedPattern`	Pattern with specified display name
`namedPattern`	Designate named pattern

`regexp`	Match regular expression (case sensitive)
`regexpi`	Match regular expression (case insensitive)
`regexprep`	Replace text using regular expression
`regexptranslate`	Translate text into regular expression
`regexpPattern`	Pattern that matches specified regular expression

`join`	Combine strings
`plus`	Add numbers, append strings
`split`	Split strings at delimiters
`splitlines`	Split strings at newline characters
`strjoin`	Join strings in array
`strsplit`	Split string or character vector at specified delimiter
`strtok`	Selected parts of strings
`extract`	Extract substrings from strings
`extractAfter`	Extract substrings after specified positions
`extractBefore`	Extract substrings before specified positions
`extractBetween`	Extract substrings between start and end points

`erase`	Delete substrings within strings
`eraseBetween`	Delete substrings between start and end points
`extract`	Extract substrings from strings
`extractAfter`	Extract substrings after specified positions
`extractBefore`	Extract substrings before specified positions
`extractBetween`	Extract substrings between start and end points
`insertAfter`	Insert strings after specified substrings
`insertBefore`	Insert strings before specified substrings
`pad`	Add leading or trailing characters to strings
`strip`	Remove leading and trailing characters from strings
`lower`	Convert strings to lowercase
`upper`	Convert strings to uppercase
`reverse`	Reverse order of characters in strings
`deblank`	Remove trailing whitespace from ends of strings
`strtrim`	Remove leading and trailing whitespace from strings
`strjust`	Justify strings

`matches`	Determine if pattern matches strings
`strcmp`	Comparar cadenas
`strcmpi`	Compare strings (case insensitive)
`strncmp`	Compare first `n` characters of strings (case sensitive)
`strncmpi`	Compare first `n` characters of strings (case insensitive)

Texto en arreglos de cadenas y caracteres

Almacene y manipule texto utilizando o bien arreglos de cadenas o bien arreglos de caracteres.
Analyze Text Data with String Arrays

This example shows how to analyze text data with string arrays. It shows how to store, split, and sort text, and how to compute and collect statistics for text in a string array.
- Compare Text
- Comprobar cadenas vacías y valores faltantes
Dar formato a texto
Componga arreglos de caracteres o arreglos de cadenas que incluyan texto y datos ordinarios con formato de acuerdo con las especificaciones.
Buscar y reemplazar texto

MATLAB proporciona varias funciones para buscar, remplazar o extraer texto en arreglos de cadenas y vectores de caracteres.
Valores Unicode y ASCII
MATLAB almacena todos los caracteres como caracteres Unicode. Tanto las cadenas como los vectores de caracteres utilizan la misma codificación. Puede convertir caracteres a sus valores en el código Unicode, y números a caracteres.
Hexadecimal and Binary Values
Specify hexadecimal and binary values either as literals or as text. Hexadecimal and binary literals are stored as integers. You can convert text representing hexadecimal and binary values to numbers, and numbers to text representations.