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Fechas y horas

Arreglos de valores de fecha y hora que se pueden visualizar en diferentes formatos

Los tipos de datos de fecha y hora datetime, duration y calendarDuration admiten cálculos eficientes, comparaciones y visualizaciones con formato de fechas y horas. Trabaje con estos arreglos de la misma forma que trabaja con los arreglos numéricos. Puede agregar, sustraer, ordenar, comparar, concatenar y representar gráficamente valores de fecha y hora. También puede representar fechas y horas como arreglos numéricos o como texto. Para obtener más información, consulte Represent Dates and Times in MATLAB o vea Arreglos de fecha y hora.

Funciones

expandir todo

Crear arreglos de fecha y hora

Momentos en el tiempo

`datetime`	Arrays that represent points in time
`dateshift`	Shift date or generate sequence of dates and times
`NaT`	Not-a-Time
`eomday`	Last day of month
`lweekdate`	(Not recommended; use `dateshift`) Date of last occurrence of weekday in month
`nweekdate`	(Not recommended; use `dateshift`) Date of specific occurrence of weekday in month

Duraciones

`years`	Duration in years
`days`	Duration in days
`hours`	Duration in hours
`minutes`	Duration in minutes
`seconds`	Duración en segundos
`milliseconds`	Duración en milisegundos
`duration`	Lengths of time in fixed-length units

Duraciones de calendarios

`calyears`	Calendar duration in years
`calquarters`	Calendar duration in quarters
`calmonths`	Calendar duration in months
`calweeks`	Calendar duration in weeks
`caldays`	Calendar duration in days
`calendarDuration`	Lengths of time in variable-length calendar units

Calendario del mes

calendar Calendar for specified month

Momentos en el tiempo en formatos alternativos

`datenum`	(Not recommended; use `datetime` or `duration`) Convert date and time to serial date number
`now`	(Not recommended; use `datetime`) Current date and time as serial date number
`clock`	(Not recommended; use `datetime`) Current date and time as date vector
`date`	(Not recommended; use `datetime("today")`) Current date as character vector
`today`	(Not recommended; use `datetime("today")`) Current date
`eomdate`	(Not recommended; use `dateshift`) Last date of month

Componentes de fecha y hora

Extraer componentes

`year`	Year number of input date and time
`quarter`	Quarter number of input date and time
`month`	Month number or name of input date and time
`week`	Week number of input date and time
`day`	Day number or name of input date and time
`weekday`	Day of week
`hour`	Hour component of input date and time
`minute`	Minute component of input date and time
`second`	Seconds component of input date and time
`weeknum`	(Not recommended; use `week`) Week in year

Dividir en componentes

`ymd`	Year, month, and day numbers of datetime
`hms`	Hour, minute, and second numbers of datetime or duration
`datevec`	Convert date and time to vector of components
`split`	Split calendar duration into numeric and duration units
`time`	Convert time of calendar duration to duration
`timeofday`	Elapsed time since midnight for `datetime` arrays

Calcular diferencias o cambiar fechas

Arreglos de `datetime`

`between`	Calendar math differences
`caldiff`	Calendar math successive differences
`tzoffset`	Time zone offset from UTC
`dateshift`	Shift date or generate sequence of dates and times

Arreglos de formato fijo

`addtodate`	(Not recommended; use `duration` or `calendarDuration`) Add time to serial date number
`etime`	(Not recommended; use `datetime` values or `between`) Time elapsed between date vectors
`months`	(Not recommended; use `between`) Number of whole months between dates

Consultar contenidos de arreglos

`isbetween`	Determine elements within date and time interval
`isregular`	Determine if input times are regular with respect to time or calendar unit
`isnat`	Determine NaT (Not-a-Time) elements
`isdst`	Determine daylight saving time elements
`isweekend`	Determine weekend elements
`isdatetime`	Determine if input is datetime array
`isduration`	Determine if input is duration array
`iscalendarduration`	Determine if input is calendar duration array

Convertir a texto

`string`	Arreglo de cadenas
`char`	Arreglo de caracteres
`datestr`	(Not recommended; use `string` or `char`) Convert date and time to string format

Excel, POSIX y otros sistemas de fecha y hora

Conversiones

`convertTo`	Convert `datetime` values to numeric representations
`exceltime`	Convert MATLAB datetime to Excel date number
`posixtime`	Convert MATLAB datetime to POSIX time
`juliandate`	Convert MATLAB datetime to Julian date
`yyyymmdd`	Convert MATLAB datetime to YYYYMMDD numeric value
`m2xdate`	(Not recommended; use `exceltime`) MATLAB date to Excel serial date number
`x2mdate`	(Not recommended; use `datetime`) Excel serial date number to MATLAB serial date number or `datetime` value

Horas en MATLAB

`timezones`	List time zones
`leapseconds`	List all leap seconds supported by `datetime` data type (desde R2020a)

Compatibilidad con versiones anteriores

matlab.datetime.compatibility.convertDatenum Convert inputs to datetime values in a backward-compatible way (desde R2022a)

Temas

Represent Dates and Times in MATLAB

Use datetime arrays to store date and time information. These arrays support arithmetic, sorting, comparisons, plotting, and formatted display.
Replace Discouraged Instances of Serial Date Numbers and Date Strings
As of R2022b, serial date numbers and date strings are not recommended for specifying dates and times. Use the datetime, duration, and calendarDuration data types instead. Follow these recommendations for updating your code.
Comparar fechas y horas con operadores relacionales

Puede realizar una comparación de fechas y horas elemento por elemento en dos arreglos de datetime o dos arreglos de duration con operadores relacionales, como >, < y ==. Las comparaciones también pueden tener en cuenta otra información, como zonas horarias y cambio al horario de verano.
- Date and Time Arithmetic
- Plot Dates and Times
Establecer el formato de visualización de fechas y horas
La propiedad Format en los arreglos datetime, duration y calendarDuration controla la visualización de los valores de cada arreglo. Puede cambiar el valor de esta propiedad. Cambiar la propiedad Format no cambia los valores del arreglo, solo su visualización.
Specify Time Zones

Specify time zones for datetime arrays to account for time zone offsets, daylight saving time, or leap seconds.
- Convert Date and Time to Julian Date or POSIX Time
Share Code and Data Across Locales
Follow these best practices when sharing code that handles dates and time with MATLAB^® users in other locales. Write and read dates from other locales.
Core Functions Supporting Date and Time Arrays
Many functions in MATLAB operate on date and time arrays in much the same way that they operate on other arrays.

Solución de problemas

Carryover in Date Vectors and Strings

If an element falls outside the conventional range, MATLAB adjusts both that date vector element and the previous element.

Converting Date Vector Returns Unexpected Output

Because a date vector is a 1-by-6 vector of numbers, datestr might interpret your input date vectors as vectors of serial date numbers—or interpret serial date numbers as date vectors—and return unexpected output.