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Algoritmos de gráficas y redes

Gráficas dirigidas y sin dirigir, análisis de redes

Las gráficas modelan las conexiones de una red y se aplican ampliamente a una gran variedad de sistemas físicos, biológicos y de información. Es posible usar gráficas para modelar las neuronas de un cerebro, los patrones de vuelo de una línea aérea y mucho más. La estructura de una gráfica está compuesta de “nodos” y “bordes”. Cada nodo representa una entidad, y cada borde, una conexión entre dos nodos. Para obtener más información, consulte Directed and Undirected Graphs.

Example plots of undirected and directed graphs

Funciones

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Construcción

`graph`	Graph with undirected edges
`digraph`	Graph with directed edges

Modificar nodos y bordes

`addnode`	Add new node to graph
`rmnode`	Remove node from graph
`addedge`	Add new edge to graph
`rmedge`	Remove edge from graph
`flipedge`	Reverse edge directions
`numnodes`	Number of nodes in graph
`numedges`	Number of edges in graph
`findnode`	Locate node in graph
`findedge`	Locate edge in graph
`edgecount`	Number of edges between two nodes
`reordernodes`	Reorder graph nodes
`subgraph`	Extract subgraph

Analizar estructura

`centrality`	Measure node importance
`conncomp`	Connected graph components
`biconncomp`	Biconnected graph components
`condensation`	Graph condensation
`bctree`	Block-cut tree graph
`toposort`	Topological order of directed acyclic graph
`isdag`	Determine if graph is acyclic
`transreduction`	Transitive reduction
`transclosure`	Transitive closure
`isisomorphic`	Determine whether two graphs are isomorphic
`isomorphism`	Compute isomorphism between two graphs
`ismultigraph`	Determine whether graph has multiple edges
`simplify`	Reduce multigraph to simple graph

Transversales, caminos más cortos y ciclos

`bfsearch`	Breadth-first graph search
`dfsearch`	Depth-first graph search
`shortestpath`	Shortest path between two single nodes
`shortestpathtree`	Shortest path tree from node
`distances`	Shortest path distances of all node pairs
`allpaths`	Find all paths between two graph nodes (desde R2021a)
`maxflow`	Maximum flow in graph
`minspantree`	Minimum spanning tree of graph
`hascycles`	Determine whether graph contains cycles (desde R2021a)
`allcycles`	Find all cycles in graph (desde R2021a)
`cyclebasis`	Fundamental cycle basis of graph (desde R2021a)

Representación de matrices

`adjacency`	Graph adjacency matrix
`incidence`	Graph incidence matrix
`laplacian`	Graph Laplacian matrix

Información de nodos

`degree`	Degree of graph nodes
`neighbors`	Neighbors of graph node
`nearest`	Nearest neighbors within radius
`indegree`	In-degree of nodes
`outdegree`	Out-degree of nodes
`predecessors`	Node predecessors
`successors`	Node successors
`inedges`	Incoming edges to node
`outedges`	Outgoing edges from node

Visualización

`plot`	Plot graph nodes and edges
`labeledge`	Label graph edges
`labelnode`	Label graph nodes
`layout`	Change layout of graph plot
`highlight`	Highlight nodes and edges in plotted graph

Objetos

GraphPlot Graph plot for directed and undirected graphs

Propiedades

GraphPlot Properties

Graph plot appearance and behavior

Temas

Directed and Undirected Graphs
Introduction to directed and undirected graphs.
Graphs and Matrices
This example shows an application of sparse matrices and explains the relationship between graphs and matrices.
Modify Nodes and Edges of Existing Graph
This example shows how to access and modify the nodes and/or edges in a graph or digraph object using the addedge, rmedge, addnode, rmnode, findedge, findnode, and subgraph functions.
Add Graph Node Names, Edge Weights, and Other Attributes
This example shows how to add attributes to the nodes and edges in graphs created using graph and digraph.
Graph Plotting and Customization
This example shows how to plot graphs, and then customize the display to add labels or highlighting to the graph nodes and edges.
Label Graph Nodes and Edges
This example shows how to add and customize labels on graph nodes and edges.
Add Node Properties to Graph Plot Data Tips
This example shows how to customize GraphPlot data tips to display extra node properties of a graph.
Visualize Breadth-First and Depth-First Search
This example shows how to define a function that visualizes the results of bfsearch and dfsearch by highlighting the nodes and edges of a graph.

Información relacionada

Clases de gráficas y gráficas dirigidas

Ejemplos destacados

Build Watts-Strogatz Small World Graph Model

Construct and analyze a Watts-Strogatz small-world graph. The Watts-Strogatz model is a random graph that has small-world network properties, such as clustering and short average path length.

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Use PageRank Algorithm to Rank Websites

Use a PageRank algorithm to rank a collection of websites. Although the PageRank algorithm was originally designed to rank search engine results, it also can be more broadly applied to the nodes in many different types of graphs. The PageRank score gives an idea of the relative importance of each graph node based on how it is connected to the other nodes.

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Partition Graph with Laplacian Matrix

Use the Laplacian matrix of a graph to compute the Fiedler vector. The Fiedler vector can be used to partition the graph into two subgraphs.

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